Njira yowunikira mphamvu ya zida zozimitsa moto imapangidwa molingana ndi muyezo wadziko lonse "Zowunikira zida zowunikira moto".Mphamvu yayikulu yamagetsi ndi mphamvu zosungirako zida zomenyera moto zimadziwika mu nthawi yeniyeni, kuti muwone ngati zida zopangira magetsi zili ndi overvoltage, undervoltage, overcurrent, dera lotseguka, dera lalifupi komanso kusowa kwa zolakwa za gawo.Cholakwa chikachitika, chikhoza kuwonetsa mwamsanga ndikulemba malo, mtundu ndi nthawi ya cholakwacho pa polojekiti, ndikupereka chizindikiro cha alamu chomveka komanso chowoneka bwino, motero kuonetsetsa kuti kudalirika kwa njira yolumikizirana yozimitsa moto pamene moto umachitika.M'zaka zaposachedwa, malo ambiri akuluakulu, monga malo ochitira malonda ndi malo osangalatsa, ayika zida zowunikira mphamvu zamagetsi zamagetsi kapena makina opangira moto, zozimitsa moto za thovu, ndi zina zotero, makamaka pofuna kuonetsetsa chitetezo cha moto cha nyumba.Ndiye, mumadziwa bwanji za njira yowunikira mphamvu ya zida zamoto?Otsatirawa Xiaobian adzayambitsa ntchito zazikulu, zofunikira zoikamo, luso la zomangamanga ndi zolakwika wamba za dongosolo lowunikira mphamvu pazida zamoto.
Ntchito zazikulu za dongosolo lowunikira mphamvu pazida zozimitsa moto
1. Kuwunika kwanthawi yeniyeni: mtengo wagawo lililonse loyang'aniridwa lili m'Chitchaina, ndipo ma data osiyanasiyana amawonetsedwa munthawi yeniyeni ndikugawa;
2. Mbiri yakale: sungani ndi kusindikiza ma alarm onse ndi zolakwika ndipo mutha kufunsidwa pamanja;
3. Kuyang'anira ndi kuchititsa mantha: onetsani malo olakwika m'Chitchaina, ndipo tumizani zizindikiro zomveka ndi zowunikira nthawi imodzi;
4. Mawu olakwika: cholakwika cha pulogalamu, chingwe cholumikizirana chachifupi, zida zazifupi, zolakwika zapansi, chenjezo la UPS, kuperewera kwamagetsi kapena kulephera kwamagetsi, zizindikiro zolakwa ndi zomwe zimayambitsa zimawonetsedwa mu dongosolo la nthawi ya alamu;
5. Mphamvu yapakati: Perekani magetsi a DC24V ku masensa am'munda kuti muwonetsetse kuti dongosololi likugwira ntchito mokhazikika komanso lodalirika;
6. Kulumikizana kwadongosolo: perekani zizindikiro zakunja;
7. Zomangamanga zamakina: kutsagana ndi makompyuta omwe ali nawo, zowonjezera zachigawo, masensa, ndi zina zotero, ndipo mosinthasintha pangani maukonde owunikira kwambiri.
Zofunikira pakuyika zida zozimitsira moto zida zowunikira mphamvu
1. Kuyika kwa polojekitiyi kuyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira zomwe zili zoyenera.
2. Ndizoletsedwa kugwiritsa ntchito pulagi yamagetsi pamzere waukulu wotsogolera wowunikira, ndipo iyenera kulumikizidwa mwachindunji ndi magetsi amoto;magetsi akuluakulu ayenera kukhala ndi zizindikiro zomveka bwino.
3. Ma terminal okhala ndi ma voltages osiyanasiyana, magulu osiyanasiyana apano ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana mkati mwa polojekiti ziyenera kulekanitsidwa ndikuzindikirika bwino.
4. Sensa ndi kondakitala wopanda kanthu ayenera kuonetsetsa mtunda wotetezeka, ndipo sensa yokhala ndi zitsulo zowala iyenera kukhala yokhazikika.
5. Masensa omwe ali m'dera lomwelo ayenera kuikidwa pakati pa bokosi la sensa, kuikidwa pafupi ndi bokosi logawa, ndikusungidwa kwa malo ogwirizanitsa ndi bokosi logawa.
6. Sensa (kapena bokosi lachitsulo) iyenera kuthandizidwa paokha kapena kukhazikitsidwa, kuikidwa molimba, ndipo miyeso iyenera kuchitidwa kuti zisawonongeke chinyezi ndi dzimbiri.
7. Waya wolumikizira wa gawo lotulutsa la sensa ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito waya wopindika-wawiri wamkuwa wokhala ndi gawo laling'ono la osachepera 1.0 m2, ndipo uyenera kusiya malire osachepera 150 mm, ndi malekezero ake. ziyenera kulembedwa bwino.
8. Pamene palibe chikhalidwe chokhazikitsa chosiyana, sensa imatha kuikidwanso mu bokosi logawa, koma silingakhudze dera lalikulu la magetsi.Mtunda wina uyenera kusungidwa momwe mungathere, ndipo pakhale zizindikiro zomveka bwino.
9. Kuyika kwa sensa sikuyenera kuwononga umphumphu wa mzere wowunika, ndipo sayenera kuonjezera maulendo a mzere.
Ukadaulo wa Zomangamanga za Zida Zowunikira Mphamvu ya Moto
1. Njira yoyenda
Kukonzekera komanga isanakwane→Kupaka mapaipi ndi mawaya→Yang'anirani kuyika→Kuyika kwa sensa→Kukhazikitsa dongosolo→Kutumiza→Kuphunzitsa ndi kutumiza
2. Ntchito yokonzekera isanamangidwe
1. Ntchito yomanga dongosolo iyenera kuchitidwa ndi gawo la zomangamanga lomwe liri ndi msinkhu woyenerera.
2. Kuyika kwa dongosololi kuyenera kuchitidwa ndi akatswiri.
3. Kumanga kwa dongosololi kudzachitidwa molingana ndi zolemba zovomerezeka zaumisiri ndi mapulani a luso la zomangamanga, ndipo sizidzasinthidwa mosasamala.Pamene kuli kofunikira kusintha mapangidwe, gawo loyambirira la mapangidwe lidzakhala ndi udindo wosintha ndipo lidzawunikiridwa ndi bungwe lojambula zojambulazo.
4. Kumangidwa kwa dongosololi kudzakonzedwa molingana ndi zofunikira za mapangidwe ndikuvomerezedwa ndi gulu loyang'anira.Malo omangawo adzakhala ndi miyezo yofunikira yaukadaulo yomanga, njira yoyendetsera kasamalidwe kabwino kamangidwe ndi njira yowunikira ntchito.Ndipo akuyenera kudzaza zikalata zoyendera kasamalidwe kabwino wa malo omanga molingana ndi zofunikira za Appendix B.
5. Zinthu zotsatirazi ziyenera kukwaniritsidwa musanamangidwe dongosolo:
(1) Chigawo chokonzekera chidzafotokozera zofunikira zogwirizana ndi zomangamanga, zomangamanga ndi kuyang'anira;
(2) Chithunzi cha dongosolo, dongosolo la masanjidwe a zida, chithunzi cha waya, chithunzi choyikapo ndi zolemba zofunikira zaukadaulo zidzapezeka;
(3) Zida zamakina, zida ndi zida zatha ndipo zimatha kuonetsetsa kuti zomangamanga zakhazikika;
(4) Madzi, magetsi ndi gasi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamalo omanga komanso pomanga ayenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira zomanga.
6. Kuyika kwa dongosololi kudzakhala pansi pa kayendetsedwe kabwino ka ntchito yomanga malinga ndi izi:
(1) Kuwongolera kwaubwino kwa njira iliyonse kuyenera kuchitidwa molingana ndi miyezo yaukadaulo yomanga.Ndondomeko iliyonse ikamalizidwa, iyenera kuyang'aniridwa, ndipo ndondomeko yotsatira ikhoza kulowetsedwa mutatha kufufuza;
(2) Pamene kupatsirana pakati pa mitundu yoyenera ya ntchito ya akatswiri ikuchitika, kuyang'anitsitsa kudzachitidwa, ndipo ndondomeko yotsatira ikhoza kulowetsedwa mutatha kupeza visa ya injiniya woyang'anira;
(3) Panthawi yomangamanga, gawo lomangamanga lidzapanga zolemba zoyenera monga kuvomereza ntchito zobisika, kuyang'anira kukana kwa insulation ndi kukana kwapansi, kusokoneza dongosolo ndi kusintha kwa mapangidwe;
(4) Pambuyo pomaliza ntchito yomanga dongosolo, gulu lomanga lidzayang'ana ndikuvomereza kukhazikitsidwa kwa dongosolo;
(5) Kuyika kwa dongosololi kukatsirizidwa, gawo la zomangamanga lidzasokoneza malinga ndi malamulo;
(6) Kuwunika kwaubwino ndi kuvomereza ntchito yomanga kuyenera kumalizidwa ndi injiniya woyang'anira ndi ogwira ntchito yomanga;
(7) Kuyang'anira khalidwe la zomangamanga ndi kuvomereza kudzadzazidwa malinga ndi zofunikira za Zowonjezera C.
7. Mwiniwake wa malo omwe ali ndi ufulu wa nyumbayo adzakhazikitsa ndikusunga zolemba ndi kuyesa kwa sensa iliyonse mu dongosolo.
3. Kuyang'ana pa malo a zida ndi zida
1. Musanayambe kumanga dongosolo, zipangizo, zipangizo ndi zipangizo zidzayang'aniridwa pa malo.Kuvomerezedwa kwa malo kudzakhala ndi zolemba zolembedwa ndi siginecha ya omwe atenga nawo mbali, ndikusainidwa ndikutsimikiziridwa ndi injiniya woyang'anira kapena gulu lomanga;ntchito.
2. Zida, zipangizo ndi zipangizo zikalowa m’malo omangapo, payenera kukhala zikalata monga ndandanda, buku la malangizo, zikalata zotsimikizira ubwino, ndi lipoti loyendera bungwe loona za malamulo a dziko.Zogulitsa zokakamiza (zovomerezeka) mudongosolo ziyeneranso kukhala ndi ziphaso (zovomerezeka) ndi ma certification (accreditation).
3. Zida zazikulu za dongosololi ziyenera kukhala zogulitsa zomwe zadutsa chiphaso cha dziko (kuvomerezedwa).Dzina la malonda, chitsanzo ndi ndondomeko ziyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira zapangidwe ndi malamulo ovomerezeka.
4. Dzina la malonda, chitsanzo ndi ndondomeko ya chivomerezo chosagwirizana ndi dziko (kuvomerezedwa) mu dongosolo liyenera kugwirizana ndi lipoti loyendera.
5. Sipayenera kukhala zowonekera zoonekeratu, ma burrs ndi zowonongeka zina zamakina pamwamba pa zida zamakina ndi zowonjezera, ndipo zigawo zomangirira siziyenera kukhala zotayirira.
6. Mafotokozedwe ndi zitsanzo za zipangizo zamakina ndi zowonjezera ziyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira za mapangidwe.
Chachinayi, waya
1. Mawaya a makinawa akuyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira za "Code for Acceptance of Construction Quality of Building Electrical Installation Engineering" GB50303.
2. Kuyika mu chitoliro kapena thunthu kuyenera kuchitika mukamaliza kumanga pulasitala ndi ntchito zapansi.Musanayambe ulusi, madzi anasonkhanitsa ndi sundries mu chitoliro kapena trunking ayenera kuchotsedwa.
3. Dongosolo liyenera kukhala ndi mawaya padera.Mizere yamagulu osiyanasiyana amagetsi ndi magulu osiyanasiyana amakono mu dongosolo sayenera kuikidwa mu chitoliro chimodzi kapena mugawo lofanana la ng'anjo ya waya.
4. Pasakhale zolumikizira kapena kink pamene mawaya ali mu chitoliro kapena mu thunthu.Cholumikizira cha waya chiyenera kugulitsidwa mu bokosi lolumikizirana kapena kulumikizidwa ndi terminal.
5. Mphuno ndi zolumikizira mapaipi za mapaipi zoyikidwa m'malo afumbi kapena achinyontho ziyenera kusindikizidwa.
6. Pamene payipi idutsa utali wotsatira, bokosi lolowera liyenera kuikidwa pamalo pomwe kugwirizana kuli kosavuta:
(1) Pamene kutalika kwa chitoliro kupitirira 30m popanda kupinda;
(2) Pamene kutalika kwa chitoliro kupitirira 20m, pali kupindika kumodzi;
(3) Pamene kutalika kwa chitoliro kupitirira 10m, pali 2 mapindikidwe;
(4) Pamene kutalika kwa chitoliro kupitirira 8m, pali 3 zopindika.
7. Chitolirocho chikaikidwa m’bokosilo, mbali yakunja ya bokosilo iyenera kuphimbidwa ndi nati wa loko, ndipo mbali yamkati iyenera kukhala ndi mlonda.Poika padenga, mbali zamkati ndi zakunja za bokosi ziyenera kuphimbidwa ndi nati wa loko.
8. Mukayika mapaipi osiyanasiyana ndi ma grooves padenga, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito cholumikizira chosiyana kuti chikweze kapena kuchikonza ndi chothandizira.Kutalika kwa tsinde la chitsamba sikuyenera kupitirira 6 mm.
9. Malo onyamulira kapena ma fulcrums akhazikitsidwe mosiyanasiyana 1.0m mpaka 1.5m pa gawo lowongoka la thunthu, ndipo mfundo zonyamulira kapena fulcrums ziyeneranso kukhazikitsidwa pamalo otsatirawa:
(1) Pamgwirizano wa thunthu;
(2) 0.2m kutali ndi bokosi la mphambano;
(3) Njira yolowera waya imasinthidwa kapena pakona.
10. Mawonekedwe a waya ayenera kukhala owongoka ndi olimba, ndipo chivundikiro cha slot chiyenera kukhala chokwanira, chophwanyika, komanso chopanda ngodya zokhotakhota.Mukayika mbali ndi mbali, chivundikiro cha slot chiyenera kukhala chosavuta kutsegula.
11. Pamene payipi idutsa m'malo opindika a nyumbayo (kuphatikiza zolumikizira, zolumikizira, zolumikizirana ndi zivomezi, ndi zina zotero), njira zolipirira ziyenera kuchitidwa, ndipo oyendetsa ayenera kukhazikitsidwa mbali zonse za malo opindika okhala ndi malire oyenera. .
12. Pambuyo poyikidwa mawaya, kukana kwa mawaya amtundu uliwonse kuyenera kuyesedwa ndi 500V megohmmeter, ndipo kukana kwazitsulo pansi sikuyenera kukhala osachepera 20MΩ.
13. Mawaya omwe ali mu polojekiti imodzi ayenera kusiyanitsa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana malinga ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana, ndipo mitundu ya mawaya ogwiritsira ntchito mofanana iyenera kukhala yofanana.Mtengo wabwino wa chingwe chamagetsi uyenera kukhala wofiira ndipo mtengo wolakwika ukhale wabuluu kapena wakuda.
Chachisanu, kukhazikitsa polojekiti
1. Pamene polojekitiyi imayikidwa pakhoma, kutalika kwa m'mphepete mwa pansi kuchokera pansi (pansi) kumayenera kukhala 1.3m ~ 1.5m, mtunda wa mbali pafupi ndi khomo la khomo sikuyenera kukhala osachepera 0.5m kuchokera pakhoma, ndi mtunda wa ntchito kutsogolo sayenera kuchepera 1.2m;
2. Mukayika pansi, m'mphepete mwapansi uyenera kukhala 0.1m-0.2m pamwamba kuposa pansi (pansi) pamwamba.ndikukwaniritsa zofunikira izi:
(1) Mtunda wogwirira ntchito kutsogolo kwa gulu la zida: sayenera kukhala osachepera 1.5m pamene ikukonzedwa mzere umodzi;sayenera kukhala osachepera 2m pamene akonzedwa mu mzere wawiri;
(2) Kumbali yomwe ogwira ntchito amagwira ntchito nthawi zambiri, mtunda kuchokera pazida mpaka khoma usakhale wochepera 3m;
(3) Mtunda wokonza kumbuyo kwa gulu la zida sayenera kukhala osachepera 1m;
(4) Pamene kutalika kwa makonzedwe a zida zopangira zida ndi zazikulu kuposa 4m, ngalande yokhala ndi m'lifupi zosachepera 1m iyenera kukhazikitsidwa kumapeto onse awiri.
3. Chowunikiracho chiyenera kukhazikitsidwa mwamphamvu ndipo sichiyenera kupendekeka.Njira zolimbikitsira ziyenera kuchitidwa poika pamakoma opepuka.
4. Zingwe kapena mawaya omwe amalowetsedwa mu monitor akwaniritse izi:
(1) Zingwezo ziyenera kukhala zaudongo, zopeŵa kuwoloka, ndipo zikhale zokhazikika;
(2) Chingwe chaching'ono cha chingwe ndi mapeto a waya ayenera kulembedwa ndi nambala ya serial, yomwe iyenera kugwirizana ndi kujambula, ndipo zolembazo ndizomveka komanso zosavuta kuzimitsa;
(3) Pa terminal iliyonse ya board terminal (kapena mzere), kuchuluka kwa ma waya sayenera kupitirira 2;
(4) Payenera kukhala malire zosakwana 200mm kwa chingwe pachimake ndi waya;
(5) Mawaya amayenera kumangidwa mitolo;
(6) Waya wotsogolera ukadutsa mu chubu, uyenera kutsekeredwa pachubu cholowera.
5. Ndizoletsedwa kugwiritsa ntchito pulagi yamagetsi pamzere waukulu wotsogolera mphamvu ya polojekiti, ndipo iyenera kulumikizidwa mwachindunji ndi magetsi amoto;mphamvu yayikulu iyenera kukhala ndi chizindikiro chokhazikika.
6. Waya wapansi (PE) wa polojekiti iyenera kukhala yolimba komanso kukhala ndi zizindikiro zoonekeratu.
7. Ma terminal okhala ndi ma voltages osiyanasiyana, magulu osiyanasiyana apano ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana mu polojekiti ziyenera kulekanitsidwa ndikuzindikirika ndi zizindikiro zoonekeratu.
6. Kuyika kwa sensa
1. Kuyika kwa sensa kuyenera kuganizira mozama momwe magetsi amakhalira ndi mphamvu yamagetsi.
2. Sensa ndi kondakitala wopanda kanthu ayenera kuonetsetsa mtunda wotetezeka, ndipo sensa yokhala ndi casing yachitsulo iyenera kukhala yokhazikika.
3. Ndizoletsedwa kukhazikitsa sensa popanda kudula magetsi.
4. Masensa omwe ali m'dera lomwelo ayenera kuikidwa pakati pa bokosi la sensa, kuikidwa pafupi ndi bokosi logawa, ndikusungidwa kwa malo ogwirizanitsa ndi bokosi logawa.
5. Sensa (kapena bokosi lachitsulo) iyenera kuthandizidwa paokha kapena kukhazikika, kuikidwa molimba, ndipo miyeso iyenera kuchitidwa kuti zisawonongeke chinyezi ndi dzimbiri.
6. Waya wolumikizira wa gawo lotulutsa la sensa ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito waya wopindika wamkuwa wokhala ndi gawo laling'ono la osachepera 1.0mm².Ndipo iyenera kusiya malire osachepera 150mm, mapeto ake alembedwe momveka bwino.
7. Pamene palibe chikhalidwe chokhazikitsa chosiyana, sensa imathanso kuikidwa mu bokosi logawa, koma silingakhudze dera lalikulu la magetsi.Mtunda wina uyenera kusungidwa momwe mungathere, ndipo pakhale zizindikiro zomveka bwino.
8. Kuyika kwa sensa sikuyenera kuwononga umphumphu wa mzere wowunika, ndipo sayenera kuonjezera maulendo a mzere.
9. AC panopa thiransifoma kukula ndi mawaya chithunzi
7. System grounding
1. Chigoba chachitsulo cha zida zamagetsi zozimitsa moto ndi magetsi a AC ndi magetsi a DC omwe ali pamwamba pa 36V ayenera kukhala ndi chitetezo chapansi, ndipo waya wake pansi ayenera kulumikizidwa ku thunthu lachitetezo cha magetsi (PE).
2. Pambuyo pomanga chipangizo chapansi kutsirizidwa, kukana kwapansi kudzayesedwa ndi kulembedwa ngati pakufunika.
Chachisanu ndi chitatu, chowunikira chowunikira zida zamoto
Zolakwika zodziwika za dongosolo lowunikira mphamvu za zida zozimitsa moto
1. Gawo lothandizira
(1) Mtundu wolakwika: kulephera kwakukulu kwamagetsi
chifukwa cha vuto:
a.Fuseti yayikulu yamagetsi yawonongeka;
b.Chosinthira chachikulu chamagetsi chimazimitsidwa pomwe wolandirayo akuyenda.
Njira:
a.Onani ngati pali kagawo kakang'ono pamzere, ndikusintha fuyusiyo ndi magawo ofanana.
b.Yatsani chosinthira chachikulu champhamvu cha wolandila.
(2) Mtundu wolakwika: kulephera kwa mphamvu zosunga zobwezeretsera
chifukwa cha vuto:
a.Fusesi yamagetsi yosungira yawonongeka;
b.Chosinthira mphamvu zosunga zobwezeretsera sichimatsegulidwa;
c.Kulumikizana koyipa kwa batri yosunga zobwezeretsera;
d.Batire yawonongeka kapena bolodi yosinthira mphamvu yosunga zosunga zobwezeretsera yawonongeka.
Njira:
a.Bwezerani fyuzi yamphamvu yosunga zobwezeretsera;
b.Yatsani chosinthira mphamvu zosunga zobwezeretsera;
c.Kukhazikitsanso kukhazikika kwa waya wa batri ndikulumikiza;
d.Gwiritsani ntchito ma multimeter kuti muwone ngati pali voteji pamalo abwino kapena oyipa a batire yosunga zobwezeretsera, ndikuwongolera kapena kusintha batire molingana ndi zomwe zikuwonetsa.
(3) Mtundu wolakwika: sungathe kuyambitsa
chifukwa cha vuto:
a.Mphamvu yamagetsi sinalumikizidwe kapena chosinthira magetsi sichimatsegulidwa
b.Fusesi yawonongeka
c.The mphamvu kutembenuka board yawonongeka
Njira:
a.Gwiritsani ntchito ma multimeter kuti muwone ngati malo opangira magetsi ndi magetsi, ngati sichoncho, yatsani chosinthira chabokosi logawa lofananira.Mukayatsa, fufuzani ngati voteji ikukumana ndi mtengo wogwira ntchito yamagetsi ogwiritsira ntchito, ndiyeno muyatse mutatsimikizira kuti ndiyolondola.
b.Yang'anani ngati pali vuto laling'ono laling'ono mumzere wamagetsi.Pambuyo poyang'ana cholakwika cha mzere, sinthani fuyusiyo ndi magawo ofanana.
C. Chotsani chotulukapo cha bolodi lamagetsi, fufuzani ngati pali kulowetsa kwamagetsi pagawo lolowera komanso ngati fuseyo yawonongeka.Ngati ayi, m'malo mphamvu kutembenuka gulu.
Nthawi yotumiza: Nov-26-2022