Chiyambi cha ammeter

Mwachidule

Ammeter ndi chida chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyeza zomwe zikuchitika m'mabwalo a AC ndi DC.Pachithunzi chozungulira, chizindikiro cha ammeter ndi "mzere A".Zomwe zilipo pano zili mu "amps" kapena "A" monga mayunitsi okhazikika.

Ammeter imapangidwa molingana ndi zomwe woyendetsa pakali pano akuyendetsa maginito ndi mphamvu ya maginito.Pali maginito okhazikika mkati mwa ammeter, omwe amapanga mphamvu ya maginito pakati pa mitengo.Pali coil mu gawo la maginito.Pali kasupe watsitsi kumapeto kulikonse kwa koyilo.Kasupe aliyense amalumikizidwa ndi terminal ya ammeter.Mtsinje wozungulira umalumikizidwa pakati pa kasupe ndi koyilo.Kutsogolo kwa ammeter, pali cholozera.Pakalipano ikudutsa, mphamvuyi imadutsa mumtsinje wa maginito pamphepete mwa kasupe ndi tsinde lozungulira, ndipo panopa imadula mzere wa magnetic field, kotero kuti koyiloyo imasokonezedwa ndi mphamvu ya maginito, yomwe imayendetsa shaft yozungulira. ndi pointer kuti apatuke.Popeza kukula kwa mphamvu ya maginito kumawonjezeka ndi kuwonjezereka kwamakono, kukula kwa panopa kungathe kuwonedwa mwa kupatuka kwa pointer.Izi zimatchedwa magnetoelectric ammeter, yomwe ndi mtundu womwe timakonda kugwiritsa ntchito mu labotale.M'nthawi ya sekondale, kuchuluka kwa ammeter omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri amakhala 0 ~ 0.6A ndi 0 ~ 3A.

mfundo yogwirira ntchito

Ammeter imapangidwa molingana ndi zomwe woyendetsa pakali pano akuyendetsa maginito ndi mphamvu ya maginito.Pali maginito okhazikika mkati mwa ammeter, omwe amapanga mphamvu ya maginito pakati pa mitengo.Pali coil mu gawo la maginito.Pali kasupe watsitsi kumapeto kulikonse kwa koyilo.Kasupe aliyense amalumikizidwa ndi terminal ya ammeter.Mtsinje wozungulira umalumikizidwa pakati pa kasupe ndi koyilo.Kutsogolo kwa ammeter, pali cholozera.Kupatuka kwa pointer.Popeza kukula kwa mphamvu ya maginito kumawonjezeka ndi kuwonjezereka kwamakono, kukula kwa panopa kungathe kuwonedwa mwa kupatuka kwa pointer.Izi zimatchedwa magnetoelectric ammeter, yomwe ndi mtundu womwe timakonda kugwiritsa ntchito mu labotale.

Nthawi zambiri, mafunde a dongosolo la ma microamp kapena ma milliamp amatha kuyeza mwachindunji.Kuti muyese mafunde akuluakulu, ammeter ayenera kukhala ndi chopinga chofanana (chomwe chimatchedwanso shunt).Njira yoyezera mita ya magnetoelectric imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka.Pamene mtengo wotsutsa wa shunt ndi kupanga zonse zomwe zilipo panopa, ammeter imasokonezeka, ndiko kuti, chizindikiro cha ammeter chimafika pamtunda.Kwa mafunde a ma amps ochepa, ma shunts apadera amatha kukhazikitsidwa mu ammeter.Kwa mafunde pamwamba pa ma amps angapo, shunt yakunja imagwiritsidwa ntchito.Mtengo wotsutsa wa high-current shunt ndi wochepa kwambiri.Pofuna kupewa zolakwika zomwe zimadza chifukwa chowonjezera kukana kwa kutsogolera ndi kukana kukhudzana ndi shunt, shunt iyenera kupangidwa kukhala mawonekedwe a materminal anayi, ndiko kuti, pali ma terminals awiri apano ndi ma voltages awiri.Mwachitsanzo, shunt yakunja ndi millivoltmeter ikagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyeza mphamvu yayikulu ya 200A, ngati millivoltmeter yokhazikika yogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi 45mV (kapena 75mV), ndiye kuti kukana kwa shunt ndi 0.045/200=0.000225Ω (kapena 0.075/200=0.000375Ω).Ngati mphete (kapena sitepe) shunt imagwiritsidwa ntchito, ammeter yamitundu yambiri imatha kupangidwa.

Akupempha

Ammeters amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyeza mayendedwe apano mu AC ndi DC.

1. Ammeter yamtundu wa koyilo yozungulira: yokhala ndi shunt yochepetsera kumva, ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pa DC, koma chowongolera chingagwiritsidwenso ntchito pa AC.

2. Kuzungulira kwachitsulo kwachitsulo ammeter: Pamene kuyeza kwamakono kumayenda kupyolera mu koyilo yokhazikika, mphamvu ya maginito imapangidwa, ndipo pepala lofewa lachitsulo limazungulira mu mphamvu ya maginito yopangidwa, yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuyesa AC kapena DC, yomwe imakhala yolimba, koma osati bwino ngati ma koyilo ammeters Sensitive.

3. Thermocouple ammeter: Ikhoza kugwiritsidwanso ntchito pa AC kapena DC, ndipo pali chotsutsa mmenemo.Pamene mpweya ukuyenda, kutentha kwa resistor kumakwera, kutsutsa kumakhudzana ndi thermocouple, ndipo thermocouple imagwirizanitsidwa ndi mita, motero imapanga Ammeter yamtundu wa thermocouple, mita yosalunjika iyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kuyeza ma frequency apamwamba alternating current.

4. Ammeter ya waya wotentha: Mukagwiritsidwa ntchito, sungani nsonga zonse za waya, waya amatenthedwa, ndipo kukulitsa kwake kumapangitsa cholozera chizungulire pa sikelo.

Gulu

Malinga ndi chikhalidwe cha kuyeza panopa: DC ammeter, AC ammeter, AC ndi DC wapawiri-cholinga mita;

Malinga ndi mfundo yogwirira ntchito: magnetoelectric ammeter, electromagnetic ammeter, ammeter yamagetsi;

Kutengera muyeso: milliampere, microampere, ammeter.

Kalozera wosankha

Njira yoyezera ya ammeter ndi voltmeter ndiyofanana, koma kulumikizana mugawo loyezera ndi kosiyana.Choncho, mfundo zotsatirazi ziyenera kudziwidwa posankha ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ammeters ndi voltmeters.

⒈ Kusankha mtundu.Pamene kuyeza ndi DC, mita ya DC iyenera kusankhidwa, ndiko kuti, mita ya magnetoelectric system kuyeza makina.Pamene kuyeza AC, ayenera kulabadira mawonekedwe ake mafunde ndi pafupipafupi.Ngati ndi sine wave, imatha kusinthidwa kukhala zinthu zina (monga mtengo wapamwamba, mtengo wapakati, ndi zina) pongoyeza mtengo wake, ndipo mtundu uliwonse wa mita ya AC ungagwiritsidwe ntchito;ngati ili mafunde osakhala ndi sine, iyenera kusiyanitsa zomwe zikuyenera kuyezedwa Kwa mtengo wa rms, chida cha maginito kapena ferromagnetic electric system chingasankhidwe, ndipo mtengo wapakati wa chida cha rectifier system ukhoza kusankhidwa. osankhidwa.Chida choyezera makina amagetsi nthawi zambiri chimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyezera ndendende pakali pano komanso voteji.

⒉ Kusankha kulondola.Kukwera kolondola kwa chidacho, mtengo wake ndi wokwera mtengo komanso zovuta kwambiri kukonza.Komanso, ngati zinthu zina sizikugwirizana bwino, chida chomwe chili ndi mlingo wolondola kwambiri sichingathe kupeza zotsatira zolondola.Choncho, posankha chida chochepa cholondola kuti mukwaniritse zofunikira zoyezera, musasankhe chida chapamwamba.Nthawi zambiri 0,1 ndi 0.2 mita amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mita;0.5 ndi 1.0 mamita amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyeza labotale;zida zomwe zili pansi pa 1.5 zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyeza uinjiniya.

⒊ Kusankha kwamitundu.Kuti mupereke masewera athunthu ku gawo la kulondola kwa chidacho, m'pofunikanso kusankha mwanzeru malire a chidacho malinga ndi kukula kwa mtengo woyezera.Ngati kusankha kuli kosayenera, cholakwika cha muyeso chidzakhala chachikulu kwambiri.Kawirikawiri, chisonyezero cha chida chomwe chiyenera kuyezedwa ndi chachikulu kuposa 1/2 ~ 2/3 cha kuchuluka kwa chidacho, koma sichikhoza kupitirira malire ake.

⒋ Chisankho cha kukana kwamkati.Posankha mita, kukana kwamkati kwa mita kuyeneranso kusankhidwa molingana ndi kukula kwa impedance yoyezera, apo ayi zidzabweretsa cholakwika chachikulu.Chifukwa kukula kwa kukana kwamkati kumawonetsera mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito mita yokhayokha, poyezera zamakono, ammeter yokhala ndi kukana kochepa kwambiri kwamkati iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito;poyezera voteji, voltmeter yokhala ndi kukana kwakukulu kwamkati iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito.

Mkukonzekera

1. Tsatirani mosamalitsa zofunikira za bukhuli, ndikusunga ndikuligwiritsa ntchito m'malo ovomerezeka a kutentha, chinyezi, fumbi, kugwedezeka, gawo lamagetsi ndi zina.

2. Chida chomwe chasungidwa kwa nthawi yayitali chiyenera kuyang'aniridwa nthawi zonse ndipo chinyezi chiyenera kuchotsedwa.

3. Zida zomwe zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali ziyenera kuyang'aniridwa ndi kukonzedwa koyenera malinga ndi zofunikira za magetsi.

4. Osasokoneza ndikusintha chidacho mwakufuna kwake, apo ayi kukhudzidwa kwake ndi kulondola kwake kudzakhudzidwa.

5. Pazida zokhala ndi mabatire omwe adayikidwa mu mita, samalani kuti muwone kutulutsa kwa batire, ndikuyika m'malo mwake kuti mupewe kusefukira kwa electrolyte ya batri ndi dzimbiri.Kwa mita yomwe siigwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali, batire ya mita iyenera kuchotsedwa.

Zinthu zofunika kuziganizira

1. Yang'anani zomwe zili mkati ammeter isanayambe kugwira ntchito

a.Onetsetsani kuti chizindikiro chamakono chikugwirizana bwino ndipo palibe zochitika zotseguka;

b.Onetsetsani kuti gawo la chizindikiro chamakono ndilolondola;

c.Onetsetsani kuti magetsi akukwaniritsa zofunikira ndikulumikizidwa bwino;

d.Onetsetsani kuti chingwe cholumikizira chikulumikizidwa bwino;

2. Kusamala pogwiritsa ntchito ammeter

a.Tsatirani mosamalitsa njira zogwirira ntchito ndi zofunikira za bukhuli, ndikuletsa ntchito iliyonse pa mzere wa chizindikiro.

b.Mukayika (kapena kusintha) ammeter, onetsetsani kuti deta yokhazikitsidwa ndi yolondola, kuti mupewe kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwachilendo kwa ammeter kapena deta yolakwika.

c.Powerenga deta ya ammeter, iyenera kuchitidwa motsatira ndondomeko yoyendetsera ntchito ndi bukuli kuti mupewe zolakwika.

3. Ammeter kuchotsa ndondomeko

a.Chotsani mphamvu ya ammeter;

b.Yendani mwachidule mzere wamakono wamakono poyamba, ndiyeno muchotse;

c.Chotsani chingwe chamagetsi ndi chingwe cholumikizira cha ammeter;

d.Chotsani zidazo ndikuzisunga bwino.

Troubleshooting

1. Chochitika cholakwika

Phenomenon a: Kulumikizana kwa dera ndikolondola, kutseka fungulo lamagetsi, kusuntha chidutswa chotsetsereka cha rheostat yotsetsereka kuchokera pamtengo wotsutsa mpaka pamtengo wocheperako, nambala yowonetsera pano sikusintha mosalekeza, zero yokha (singanoyo sisuntha. ) kapena kusuntha pang'ono chidutswa chotsetsereka kusonyeza mtengo wathunthu (singanoyo imapatukira kumutu mwachangu).

Phenomenon b: Kulumikizana kwa dera ndikolondola, kutseka kiyi yamagetsi, cholozera cha ammeter chimasinthasintha kwambiri pakati pa zero ndi mtengo wathunthu.

2. Kusanthula

Kukondera kwathunthu kwa mutu wa ammeter ndi wa mulingo wa microampere, ndipo mtunduwo umakulitsidwa ndikulumikiza shunt resistor mofanana.Pakali pano pamayendedwe oyesera ambiri ndi milliampere, kotero ngati palibe kukana kotereku, cholozera cha mita chimagunda kukondera kwathunthu.

Mapeto awiri a shunt resistor amangiriridwa pamodzi ndi nsonga ziwiri za solder ndi malekezero awiri a mutu wa mita ndi mtedza wamtunda ndi wotsika pansi pa terminal ndi positi yotsiriza.Mtedza womangirira ndi wosavuta kumasula, zomwe zimapangitsa kupatukana kwa shunt resistor ndi mutu wa mita (Pali vuto lolephera a) kapena kukhudzana kosauka (cholephera b).

Chifukwa cha kusintha kwadzidzidzi kwa chiwerengero cha mutu wa mita ndikuti pamene dera likutsegulidwa, chidutswa chotsetsereka cha varistor chimayikidwa pamalo omwe ali ndi mtengo waukulu wotsutsa, ndipo chidutswa chotsetsereka nthawi zambiri chimasunthidwa ku porcelain yotetezera. chubu, kuchititsa kuti dera lisweka, kotero nambala yowonetsera pano ndi: zero.Kenako sunthani chidutswa chotsetsereka pang'ono, ndipo chimakumana ndi waya wotsutsa, ndipo dera limayatsidwa kwenikweni, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti nambala yowonetsera isinthe mwadzidzidzi kukhala kukondera kwathunthu.

Njira yothetsera ndi kumangitsa mtedza womangirira kapena kusokoneza chivundikiro chakumbuyo cha mita, weld nsonga ziwiri za shunt resistor pamodzi ndi malekezero awiri a mutu wa mita, ndikuwotcherera pazitsulo ziwiri zowotcherera.